California Citrus Nursery Board

3.5—Laws and Regulations

California Citrus Quarantines

Citrus Pests | NIPM Item #7 | Treatment Charts | NIPM Item #7.1

Nursery Stock Nematode Certification

Following are the highlights of mandatory nematode program that went into effect on December 13, 1994:

1. Everyone growing trees for farm planting must participate in the program

2. You have two choices:

Apply CDFA approved treatment such as steaming or fumigating soil or planting media. County personnel will provide the supervision at $35 per hour. Some counties may charge different, or

Sample the fields at appropriate time of the year. County collects samples @ 1 sample (25-27 sub samples) per acre. The charges are $35 per hour (some counties may charge more) for sample collection and $40 lab charge per sample. Nursery can provide help in the collection process to reduce cost.

The text of the regulations and application form follows

NIPM Item #6

Nursery Stock Nematode Certification

Section 3055. Disclaimer of Warranties and Financial Responsibility.

The provisions of Section 3069 shall apply to this article.

Note: Authority cited: Sections 407 and 5823, Food and Agricultural Code. Reference: Sections 5821 and 5822, Food and Agricultural Code.

Section 3055.1. Definitions.

  1. "Approved treatment" means any soil preparation, treatment, and post-treatment recontamination preventative measures that are approved, documented, and supervised by the Department as a means of producing nursery stock free of nematodes.
  2. "Soil" includes, butis not limited to, what is generally known as soil, mixtures of soil and horitcultural soil amendments, and horticultural soil amendments alone, as blends, or as mixtures, used as a plant growing medium.
  3. "Approved laboratory methods" means any soil sampling plans; growing plot or sample identification methods; sample protection, transportation, and processing methods; nematode extraction methods; and nematode diagnostic procedures approved by the Department to test soil and plants for the presence of nematodes.
  4. "Free of nematodes" means free of nematodes consistent with the capacity of the approved treatment and approved laboratory methods prescribed in this article respectively to yield nursery stock free of nematodes or to detect low level nursery stock nematode infestations. It does not mean complete freedom and nematodes may be present consistent with the limitations inherent to the preseribed approved treatment and approved laboratory methods.
  5. "Nematode" means nematode species that the Department determines to be economically important.
  6. Participant" means any person for whom the Department has approved an application for nursery stock nematode certification.
  7. "Program" means the nursery stock nematode certification program administered by the Department pursuant to these regulations.
  8. "Department" means the California Department of Food and Agriculture, the Secretary of Food and Agriculture, and its agents, employees, or representatives.

Section 3055.2. General Provisions.

  1. California grown nursery stock may be certified to nematode cleanliness when grown and handled in accordance with the procedures outlined in this article.
  2. Participation in this program is voluntary and may be withdrawn at the option of the applicant.
  3. Approvals, inspections, tests, supervision, determinations, and certifications shall be conducted by the Department or its authorized agents.
  4. Refusal, Suspension, or Termination of Certification.
    The Department reserves the right to refuse certification services to anyone and may refuse, suspend, or terminate certification for part or all of a planting if:
    1. The requirements of this article have not been met;or,
    2. Participant responsibilities specified in this article are not met; or,
    3. Any condition which hinders or prevents proper treatment, approval, field or plant sampling, or laboratory nematode diagnostics; or,
    4. A planting or part of a planting is found to be nematode infested; or,
    5. The identity of the stock becomes uncertain or has not been properly maintained; or,
    6. Indicia of certification are misused or stock is misrepresented.

Section 3055.3. Participant Responsibilities.

All participant responsibilities specified in this article shall be performed at the expense of the participant. The participant shall be responsible for:

  1. Application for nursery stock nematode certification.
  2. Selection of planting locations(s).
  3. Soil treatments.
  4. Post-treatment cultural and sanitation practices necessary to help prevent nematode recontamination.
  5. Notifying the Department of the date of all pest control treatments in plantings for which inspections are scheduled, the product used, dosage and any re-entry or worker safety requirements which apply. This notification is required to assure that approvals and inspections may be made properly and in accordance with state law governing worker health and safety for pesticide exposure. Such notification need not be made at times when inspections are not scheduled.
  6. Proper use of all official indicia of certification provided by the Department.
  7. Compliance with the requirements of this article and with all other applicable laws and regulations.

Section 3055.4. Eligibility.

Any clearly identified block or lot of nursery stock being grown in soil which, at the time of application, can be determined to be free of nematodes may be entered for certification of nematode freedom at the time of harvest and/or sale. Nursery stock meeting the requirements of this article shall be eligible for certification using official indicia of certification for a period of not more than two growing seasons after approved soil treatment and planting; or, 12 months after the nursery stock has been determined to be free of nematodes based on approved laboratory methods. In either of the foregoing cases, eligibility will be invalidated if, after harvest, nursery stock is stored in untreated soil or otherwise exposed to nematodes.

Section 3055.5. Certification.

The Department will issue and authorize the use of official tags, seals or other indicia of certification on nursery stock which meets the requirements of this article. Nursery stock may be certified for nematode freedom in accordance with subsection (a) or (b) below.

  1. Certification Based on Approved Treatment.
    Certification based on approved treatment involves the planting of nursery stock (including seed, unrooted cuttings, rooted cuttings, plantlets or seedinlings) in approved treated soil and protecting it against nematode contamination until harvest and sale. Rooted planting stock must be deteremined to be free of nematodes using approved laboratory methods prior to planting in approved treated soil. Prescribed soil preparation requirements must be documented and approved chemical treatments must be both supervised and documented by the Department. All documentation and required supervision may be performed at the time of treatment.
    1. Field Treatment.
      1. Pre-Treatment Soil Preparation.
        1. Trash Removal.
          Plant material must be removed and the planting site shall be siced to reduce the size of trash remaining so that the treatment will be effective. Both trash removal and discing shall be performed to the satisfaction of the Department.
        2. Waiting Period.
          A clean-fallow period shall be maintained, after trash removal and before treatment, as follows:
          1. Not less than 24 months following removal of an orchard or vineyard that has been in place for more than one year.
          2. Not less than nine months following removal of a previous woody nursery crop which has been in place for more than one year.
          3. Not less than six months following removal of a nematode host crop which has been in place for less than one year.
          4. No waiting period is required after the removal of an annual vegetable plant crop.
        3. Soil shall be worked to a depth of two to three feet to break up hardpan or plowsole. Soil moisture and cultivation shall be adequate to render the soil in seed bed condition.
      2. Treatment.
        All applications of pesticides must be made in compliance with the applicable laws and regulations.
        1. Soil temperature at depth of injection shall be between 40 F and 80 F. If the soil temperture is above 80 F, but 85 F or less, the dosage of methyl bromide should be increased by 5% over the minimum specified by the Department.
        2. Materials and Schedules of Dosages.
          The rate per acre for the fumigant used shalll not be less than the minimum prescribed by the Department. Treatments for soils containing more than 30% clay may not be approved.
        3. Treatments in accordance with these procedures shall be good for 18 months from the date of treatment to planting date provided that the treated area is clean-fallowed and otherwise not exposed to nematode reinfestation.
        4. Application methods include dual application, tarping (solid and strip), or any other suitable method as approved by the Department. The tarp used in a mthyl bromide fumigation shall remain in place for 48 hours.
        5. Any lot of rooted nursery stock which has not been approved in the nematode control program must be sampled using approved laboratory methods, and found to be free of nematodes, prior to planting in approved treated soil.
        6. Nursery stock produced in accordance with these approved procedures shall be stored, healed-in, or calloused in media, beds, or storage areas approved by the Department. Treatments may be required to protect against nematode infestation.
    2. Container, Flat, and Frame Grown Nursery Stock.
      All soil, containers, flats, and soil within frames shall be treated prior to planting. Following treatment, the soil and containers shall be protected from reinfestation by nematodes. The following are approved treatments:
      1. Aerated steam in a closed chamber until all soil reaches a temperature of not less than 140 F and is maintained for not less than 30 minutes; or,
      2. Steamed in a closed chamber until temperature of all soil reaches 180 F; or,
      3. Fumigated under a plastic tarpaulin or in a gas-tight chamber for 24 hours using two pounds of methyl bromide per 100 cubic feet. Soil temperature shall be not lower than 50 F at start of treatment.
  2. Certification Based on Approved Laboratory Methods.
    The following, or other, laboratory methods approved by the Department shall be used to determine nematode freedom. Any sample in which nematode is detected shall be considered infested and not eligible for certification under the provisions of this article unless there is a Department-approved eradicative treatment and the participant so treats the nursery stock.
    1. Field Grown Nursery Stock, Generally.
      Collect samples on a 40 foot x 40 foot grid interval throughout the planting. Samples may be composited on an acre or nursery stock variety basis. Alternatively, at the discretion of the Department, samples may be collected on an 80 foot x 80 foot grid interval and composited on a two-acre basis when either of the following conditions have been met:
      1. The planting site has been treated at the product labeled rate for the kind of nursery stock being produced.
      2. No nematodes have been found by laboratory methods in the previous two successive nursery crops on the growing site.
    2. Container, Flat, and Frame Grown Nursery Stock.
      A composite sample is to be obtained from every 100 square feet of bench or frame space. Each sample should be kept to a logical and practical size as determined by the Department.
    3. Delimitation.
      When an original sample is positive for nematodes, delimitation sampling may be performed on a 20 foot x 20 foot grid interval with samples composited on a 1/4-acre basis. All delimitation shall be done at the Department's discretion. Any nursery stock represented by a delimitation sample in which a nematode is detected is considered infested. Any nursery stock represented by a delimitation sample that is free of nematodes shall be eligible for certification.
    4. Bare root sampling may be performed using procedures approved by the Department.

Section 3055.6. Application and Fees.

  1. Application.
    The applicant shall furnish any information requested regarding the planting and shall consent to the taking of samples by the Department for inspection or testing purposes. The required fees shall accompany each application submitted.
    1. An application for approval of a soil treatment shall be submitted with the Department 15 days prior to the planned start of treatment to allow for scheduling of inspections and to verify stock eligiblity.
    2. An application for testing using approved laboratory methods shall be submitted to the Department by not less than 15 days prior to the month in which sampling must be performed to allow for workload scheduling.
    3. A late application may be accepted as workload, scheduling, and staffing permit. If workload, scheduling, or staffing do not allow for required testing using approved laboratory methods, a late application will be refused.
  2. Fees.
    Fees established by this article are payable in advance of the work to be done and are for the sole pupose of defraying expenses incurred in the approval, inspection, sampling, and determination procedures and are not to obtain any right or privilege.
    1. The Department shall establish a schedule of fees for the services provided in this article based upon the approximate cost of the services rendered.
    2. The Department may charge additional fees when due to conditions, total acreage entered, or number of samples and/or determinations made, the fees established will not cover the cost of the service.
    3. The Department may establish a late fee for applications.
    4. Fees paid for services that are not rendered shall be refunded to the applicant provided, however, that amounts refunded may be prorated based on the amount of work actually performed by the Department in the administration of the requirements of this article.
  3. Fee Schedule.
    1. The Secretary of Food and Agriculture, pursuant to Section 5822 of the Food and Agricultural Code, hereby establishes fees for inspections, including sampling and testing, and special treatments for the nursery stock nematode certification program. The fees shall be:
      1. Supervision of Soil Treatments.
        1. $45.00 per hour per site when the application is postmarked a minimum of fifteen (15) days prior to initiation of the treatment.
        2. $100.00 late fee plus $45.00 per hour per site when the application is postmarked less than fifteen (15) days prior to initiation of the treatment.
      2. Sampling. $45.00 per hour.
      3. Testing. $40.00 per sample submitted.
      4. Supervision of Commodity Treatments.
        1. $45.00 per hour when application is postmarked a minimum of fifteen (15) days prior to initiation of the treatment.
        2. $100.00 late fee plus $45.00 per hour when application is postmarked less than fifteen (15) days prior to initiation of the treatment.
    2. When calculating service charges, the hourly rate shall be applied to travel time (portal to portal), field time, and documentation time.

California Department of Food and Agriculture Plant Quarantine Manual

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3250. Citrus Pests

State Exterior Quarantine

A quarantine is established against the following pests, their hosts and possible carriers.

  1. Pests. Any species of fruit flies of the family Tephritidae known to attack citrus; citrus canker, Xanthomonas axonopodis pv. citri; and any other injurious insect or other animal or plant disease pest of citrus which does not occur, or is not generally established in California.
  2. Area Under Quarantine. All states, districts and territories of the United States, except the State of Arizona.
  3. Articles and Commodities Covered.
    1. From the area under quarantine, except the State of Florida:
      1. All species and varieties of citrus fruits;
      2. All plants and propagative parts, except seed, belonging to, or hybrids of, the genera Citrus (true citrus), Fortunella (kumquats), Poncirus (trifoliate oranges), Aeglopsis (dwarft powder-flask fruit), and Afraegle (African powder-flask fruit).
    2. From the State of Florida:
      1. All species and varieties of citrus fruits;
      2. All plants and plant parts, except seed, belonging to, or hybrids of, the plant family Rutaceae, including, but not limited to, the genera Citrus (true citrus), Fortunella (kumquats), Berger (=Murraya) (mock orange), Poncirus (trifoliate oranges), Aeglopsis (dwarf powder-flask fruit), and Afraegle (African powder-flask fruit). (See Appendix G)
  4. Restrictions
    Effective August 1, 2006: All shipments of Florida-origin citrus including all species, clones, cultivars, strains, varieties and hybrids of all plants, plant parts, fruit and seeds in the genera Citrus and Fortunella, and Clausena Iansium and Poncirus trifoliata are prohibited entry to California except regulated fruit and nursery stock transiting California to a port for immediate export in a container sealed by USDA APHIS under the terms of a federal limited permit (see CFR 301.75 - Citrus Canker).
    1. Trees, plants, scions, buds, cuttings, and under stock prohibited. All plants and propagative materials (except seed) of all species, varieties, and hybrids of plant material listed in subsection (C)(1)(b) are prohibited entry into California from the area under quarantine except the State of Florida unless authorized entry under permit issued by the department or when shipped by, or at the request of, the United States Department of Agriculture for experimental purposes.
    2. Trees, plants, and plant parts prohibited. All plants and plant parts (except seed) of all species, varieties, and hybrids of plant material listed in subsection (C)(2)(b) are prohibited entry into California from the State of Florida except when authorized entry under permit issued by the Department or when shipped by, or at the request of, the United States Department of Agriculture for experimental purposes.
    3. Requirements for entry of citrus fruit from Florida or Texas. Commercial shipments of citrus fruit made by commercial packing houses, may be admitted into this state from Florida or Texas provided conditions are met as listed under (a) or (b), and (c) and (d) of this paragraph.
      1. Shipments of Florida citrus fruit, except lemons and sour limes, must be accompanied by a certificate issued by an official of the Florida Department of Agriculture and Consumer Services indicating the fruit was treated in accordance with methods approved by the department (See APPENDIXES B and E).
      2. Shipments of Texas citrus fruit, except lemons and sour limes, must be accompanied by a Federal Master Permit issued under provisions of the United States Mexican Fruit Fly Quarantine and by an agent of the United States Department of Agriculture (See APPENDIX F).
      3. Surface Pests. Treatment for surface pests (scale, insects, mites, etc.) is not required as a condition of entry for all citrus fruit, including lemons and sour limes, from Florida and Texas destined to California when the fruit has been cleaned by washing and scrubbing with brushes in a commercial packing house in preparation for interstate shipment. If the fruit has not been so cleaned, prepared and handled, then the fruit shall be treated to assure the fruit is free of surface pests under official supervision prior to shipment and be so certified by an authorized agricultural official of the state of origin.
      4. All containers in which citrus fruit are shipped to California shall be new.
    4. Citrus fruit from the area under quarantine is prohibited entry into California except as provided herein.
    5. Automobiles, other vehicles, and their contents, subject to inspection. Automobiles, trailers, trucks, and other vehicles, baggage, personal effects, household goods, and camping implements, arriving in California from any state or territory of the United States may be placed in quarantine by the department until it has been determined by inspection that the same are free from all varieties of citrus fruits and citrus plants, and parts thereof, except seeds.

All permits and agreements allowing for citrus repacking are currently being reviewed and will be revised to reflect the changes in federal domestic quarantine 301.75 - Citrus Canker.

301.2

06-18-07

California Deparment of Food and Agriculture Plant Quarantine Manual

California Grown Citrus Packed in Other States for Reshipment to California

Appendix A

11-20-98

Permits have been issued to other state's regulatory agencies to authorize firms under a compliance agreement to pack and reship to California, California grown citrus.

In order to qualify for California entry, each box shipped shall be accompanied by a certificate issued by a representative of the authorizing state's department of agriculture affirming that the shipment meets the California permit requirements. In lieu of a paper certificate, a sticker or stamp-type certificate may be used as follows:

California Origin Citrus Fruit Shipped Under
Authority of Permit NO. QC (number). Approved
by (authorized department of agriculture).

Signature
Authorized Representative

California Grown Citrus Packed in Other States for Reshipment to California

11-20-98

PermitsState

QC 397

Oregon (California and Arizona origin citrus)

QC 761

Michigan

QC 694

New Jersey

QC 836

Texas

QC 526

Utah

QC 508

Wisconsin

QC 768

Washington

Bahamian Origin Grapefruit

Appendix C

12-04-90

Bahamian origin grapefruit may be treated for fruit flies in Florida under the Florida Department of Agriculture and Consumer Services' supervision for shipment to California destinations. The certification requirements are the same as those mentioned for treated Florida citrus.

Louisiana Origin Tangerines

Appendix D

11-27-95

Only citrus fruit produced in Louisiana are eligible for shipment to California under permit QC 697 (exp. 9/30/97) and they shall be kept separate from other citrus fruit at all times. Only fruit that has been commercially produced; washed, sorted, and waxed; and commercially packed in new clean boxes shall be shipped to California under this permit. Each shipment shall be accompanied by a certificate issued by an authorized representative of the Louisiana Department of Agriculture affirming that the shipment meets the requirements of this permit.

Texas Origin Grapefruit Repacked in Oregon

Appendix F

10-13-98

California Master Petmi No. QC 594 has been granted to the Oregon Department of Agriculture (ODA) to authorize Oregon firms to repack Texas origin grapefruit and oranges for shipment to California providing that the shipment has met the requirement (D.3.b) of this section.

Each box shall be accompanied by a certificate, sticker, or stamp issued by an authorized representative of ODA affirming that the shipment meets the requirements of California permit no. QC 594.

Cultivated Rutaceae

Appendix G

06-18-07

All plants in the Rutaceae (citrus family), native or exotic, are prohibited from Florida. The Rutaceae contains approximately 150 genera; the following are known to be cultivated:

Acradenia spp.
Acronychia spp.
*Adenandra spp.
Aegle marmelos (bael, Bengal quince)
*Agathosma spp.
Amyris spp. (flame bush, candlewood tree)
Atalantia sp. (atalantia)
Balsamocitrus dawei (Uganda powder-flask)
*Boronia spp. (boronia)
*Calodendrum sp. (Cape chestnut)
*Casimiroa spp. (sapote, white)
*Choisya spp. (Mexican orange)
Citropsis spp. (cherry orange)
*Clausena spp. (wampi)
*Coleonema spp.
*Correa spp.
Dictamnus sp.(dittany, fraxinella, gas plant, burning bush)
Diosma spp. (buchu, breath-of-heaven)
Eremocitrus spp. (Australian desert lime/kumquat)
Esenbeckia spp.
Evodia (=Tetradium) spp.
Feronia (=Limonia) spp. (elephant or wood apple)
Flindersia spp.
Geijera spp.
*Glycosmis spp. (Jamaica mandarin orange)
Limonia acidissima (Indian woodapple)
*Melicope spp.
Merrillia caloxylon (flowering merrillia)
X Microcitronella 'Sydney' (faustrimedin)
Microcitrus spp. (Australian wild/finger/round lime)
Naringi crenulata (naringi)
Orixa sp.
Pamburus missionis (pamburus)
Paramignya spp.
*Phellodendron spp. (cork tree)
*Ptelea spp. (wafer ash, hop tree)
*Ruta spp. (rue, herb of grace)
*Severinia spp. (Chinese box orange)
*Skimmia spp. (ner, chamlani)
Swinglea sp. (tabog)
Thamnosma spp. (turpentine broom)
Toddalia sp.
*Triphasia spp. (limeberry, myrtle lime)
Vepris lanceloata (white ironwood)
*Zanthoxylum spp. (Indian pepper, Japanese pepper, Sansho, Szechwan pepper, winged prickly ash)

*Commercially produced or known to move in commerce

NIPM Item #7

Approved Treatment and Handling Procedures to Ensure Against Nematode Pest Infestation of Nursery Stock

Revised 7/19/02

In accordance with the Regulations for the Nursery Stock Nematode Control Program, California Code of Regulations (CCR) Sections 3055 to 3055.6 and Section 3640, the California Department of Food and Agriculture (CDFA) hereby specifies soil treatment and handling procedures which, when verified and documented, are approved to ensure nematode cleanliness of both field and container grown nursery stock. These procedures are not aimed at control of soil pathogens, weeds, or other soil-borne pests. The "Report of Supervision of Nursery Fumigation and Other Approvals" (form 64-054) is to be used to document compliance with these approved procedures. This report must be submitted monthly along with the "Nursery Stock Nematode Certification Report Form" (form 64-086).

Section 3640, CCR, makes it mandatory that nursery stock for farm planting be commercially clean with respect to economically important nematodes. Exempted from this requirement are garlic, mint, onion, and see potato nursery stock and any nursery stock grown only in non-soil media.

Field Grown Stock

Soil preparation is the most important factor affecting the success of fumigation. The County Agricultural Commissioner or the CDFA shall verify to ensure that allof the following requirements for pre-treatment preparation, treatment, and post-treatment handling of soils have been met.

  1. Trash Removal. Trash (crowns, stems, roots) from the previous crop must be removed as completely as possible, to eliminate or minimize plant residues that may harbor nematodes during the waiting period. After trash removal, the land should be disked thoroughly to reduce the size of the remaining plan tissues and to hasten its decomposition. The waiting period may not begin until trash removal has been completed. Soil treatment cannot be approved if trash removal has not been completed.
  2. Waiting Period. After trash removal and before soil treatment, a crop-free, clean-fallow waiting period shall be observed as follows:
    1. Not less than 24 months following removal of an orchard or vineyard that has been in place for more than one year;
    2. Not less than 9 months following removal of a woody nursery crop which has been in place for more than one year;
    3. Not less than 6 months following removal of a nematode host crop (including seedling or June-budded fruit trees, grapevine or strawberry nursery stock, cotton, or alfalfa) which has been in place for less than one year.
    4. No waiting period is required after the removal of an annual vegetable crop, provided that the vegetable crop residue is removed prior to soil treatment.
  3. Pre-Treatment Soil Preparation.The following pre-treatment soil preparations may be verified up to three days (72 hours) prior to soil treatment:
    1. Deep tillage - The soil should be plowed or subsoiled 2 to 3 feet by plow or chisels to break up hardpan or plowsole.
    2. Soil moisture - Soil moisture should be adequate to prepare soil to seed bed tilth. Large fluctuations in temperature or rainfall may require re-verification.
    3. Cultivation - The top 6 to 8 inches of soil should be cultivated to break up clods and render the soil in seed bed condition.
  4. Treatment. The treatment shall be verified and documented by the County Agricultural Commissioner or the CDFA to ensure compliance with the required treatment and handling procedures.
    1. Application - All applications of pesticides must be made in strict compliance with all applicable laws and regulations.
    2. Material and Schedule of Dosages - The rate per acre for the fumigant used shall not be less than the minimum prescribed by the CDFA.
    3. Soil temperature - May be verified up to three days (72 hours) prior to start of soil treatment. Soil temperature measured at the depth of injection shall be between 40 F and 80 F. If the soil temperature is between 81 F and 85 F, the dosage of methyl bromide should be increased by 5 percent over the minimum specified by the CDFA (provided this will not exceed maximum allowable application rates).
    4. Clay soils - There are no recommended treatments for soils which contain more than 30% clay. Clay soil treatments cannot be approved.
    5. Approval duration - Treatments made and approved in accordance with these procedures shall be good for 18 months from the date of treatment to the date of planting provided that the treated area is clean-fallowed and otherwise not exposed to nematode reinfestation.
  5. Application Methods.
    1. Dual Application (applies to methyl bromide and Telone II TM). Apply the first treatment by injecting the chemical at a minimum depth of 20 inches (51 cm) at a chisel spacing of 30 inches (76 cm) or less; wait at least 7 days (methyl bromide) or at least 14 days Telone II TM), then turn under the top 12 inches (31 cm) of soil with a plow. (Alternatively, soil may be flipped just prior to the second treatment provided the appropriate waiting period has passed). Apply the second treatment in the same manner as the first application. Seal the surface with a ring roller immediately after each application. Wait at least 14 days following the second treatment before disturbing the soil. (Methyl bromide fumigations must abide by and made in accordance with CCR, Section 6450.3)
    2. Tarping (applies to methyl bromide and Telone II TM). Tarping refers to the post-application covering of soil with plastic tarpaulins. For methyl bromide applications, tarpaulins must be approved by the California Department of Pesticide Regulations (see CCR, Section 6450 (e) for details). Two methods may be used to accomplish a complete coverage of the production area. "Solid tarping" accomplishes coverage in one step using equipment which glues together the overlapping edges of the plastic strips. The outside edges are buried at least 6 inches (15 cm) deep. "Strip tarping" is used in a two-step soil treatment. Soil strips approximately 12 feet (3.7 meters) wide are fumigated and mechanically covered with a plastic tarpaulin, all edges of which should be buried at least 6 inches (15 cm). These strips are alternated with untreated, untarped strips about 10 feet (2.8 meters) wide. After 48 hours the tarps are removed from the treated soil strips and treatment and tarping are applied to the alternate and previously untreated strips.
    3. Methyl bromide and methyl bromide/chloropicrin formulations (mixtures) should be injected at a depth of 10 to 15 inches (25 to 38 cm) on a 12 inch (31 cm) spacing, with the total dosage applied at one time. Tarps should be applied simultaneously with treatment or immediately following. The outside edges of the tarp should be buried at least 6 inches deep.The tarp shall not be cut until a minimum of 5 days (120 hours) following application and tarp removal shall not begin sooner than 24 hours after tarp cutting (see CCR, Section 6450.3 (3) for details). [1] Footnote

[1] Footnote: Pesticide regulations may require a longer period. If so, pesticide regulations or permit conditions will govern the time the tarp must remain in place. Coordination with county pesticide use enforcement officials is necessary.

Container, Flat, and Frame Grown Nursery Stock

  1. Used containers (flats, frames, pots) not cleaned to the satisfaction of the CDFA or the County Agricultural Commissioner, recyled potting mixes or planting materials, and soil, shall be treated prior to planting.
  2. Approved Treatments.
    1. Aerated steam in a closed chamber until temperature of all soil reaches at least 140 F that is maintained for a minimum of 30 minutes.
    2. Steam in a closed chamber or under a tarpaulin until temperature of all soil reaches 180 F.
    3. Fumigation with methyl bromide at the rate of 2 pounds per 100 cubic feet under a plastic tarpaulin or in a gas-tight chamber for 24 hours. Soil temperature should not be below 50 F when treated. Check with county pesticide use enforcement officials prior to treatment to ensure compliance with current state/county pesticide use restrictions.
    4. Solarization of soil using a "double-tent" setup until temperature of all soil reaches a minimum of 158 F (70 C) that is maintained for at least 30 continuous minutes, or a minimum of 140 F (60 C) that is maintained for at least 60 continuous minutes. Soil must be either in polyethylene planting bags or in piles not more than 12 inches high. Soil in piles must be placed on a layer of polyethylene film, concrete pad, or other material, which will not allow reinfestation of soil, and covered by a sheet of clear polyethylene film. An additional layer of clear polyethylene film must be suspended over the first layer to create a still air chamber over the soil to be treated. Soil moisture content must be near field capacity. Soil temerature at the bottom center of the pile or bag must be monitored and recorded to ensure that the minimum temperature of 158 F (70 C) for 30 minutes, or 140 F (60 C) for 60 minutes is achieved.
  3. Following treatment, the soil and containers shall be protected from reinfestation by nematodes.
Soil Solarization Treatment Setup; click for larger image

Planting Stock and Post-Harvest Handling

  1. Planting Stock. Any rooted nursery stock for planting in approved treated soil must meet the Nursery Stock Nematode Certification regulations. If not, it must be sampled and found free of economically important plant-parasitic nematodes or the approved soil treatment will be nullified. (CCCR 3055.1)
  2. Post-Harvest. Nursery stock produced in accordance with approved procedures shall be stored, healed-in, or calloused in media, beds or storage areas approved by the Department or County Agricultural Commissioner. Treatment as necessary to protect against nematode infestation may be required.

Non-Soil Media

Non-Soil Media. These growing media include bark, cinders, gravel, peat moss, perlite, rock wool and vermiculite. Other media may be considered non-soil but will be identified on a case-by-case basis.

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Schedule A. Treatments in Schedule A shall be required for all properties:

  1. Known to be infested with plant-parasitic nematodes, or not previously treated in accordance with approved treatment and handling procedures and for which the nematode pest status is unkown; and
  2. Upon which the previously grown crop was a nematode host.

This dosage schedule is for nematode control only. It is not recommended for control of soil-borne pathogens such as Phytophthora spp. Treatment recommendations for the latter should be obtained from local Farm Advisor(s). Check with county pesticide use enforcement officials prior to treatment to ensure compliance with current state/county pesticide use restrictions.

Dosage Per Acre (Hectare) 1
Material Application Method Sandy Soils Clay Loam Soils
Methyl Bromide 2
(actual CH3BR)		 Tarped 4 300 lbs (336 kg) 400 lbs (448 kg)
Methyl Bromide
(actual CH3BR)		 Dual Application 3
Untarped		 Application #1
300 lbs (336 kg)		 Application #1
400 lbs (448 kg)
Application #2
150 lbs (168 kg)		 Application #2
150 lbs (168 kg)

Footnotes

[1] One pound per acre equals 1.12 kg per hectare.
[2] Formulations (mixtures) of methyl bromide and chloropicrin may be used provided that the actual amount of methyl bromide is not less than the amounts shown in this schedule.
[3] Two treatments are required; see item 5.a. on page 2. Applications must be made in accordance with label and permit requirements.
[4] See item 5.b. on page 2.

Schedule B. Treatments in Schedule B are approved only for properties on which at least two field-grown crops have been produced, for eachof which:

  1. An approved soil treatment to ensure against nematode infestation has been applied, or no nematode infestation has been detected using laboratory methods; and
  2. The property has not been exposed to nematode infestation during the interval between crops.

This dosage schedule is for nematode control only. It is not recommended for control of soil-borne pathogens such as Phytophthora spp. Treatment recommendations for the latter should be obtained from local Farm Advisor(s). Check with county pesticide use enforcement officials prior to treatment to ensure compliance with current state/county pesticide use restrictions.

Dosage Per Acre (Hectare) 1
Material Application Method Sandy Soils Clay Loam Soils
Methyl Bromide 2
(actual CH3BR)		 Tarped 4 300 lbs (336 kg) 400 lbs (448 kg)
Methyl Bromide
(actual CH3BR)		 Dual Application 3
Untarped		 Application #1
300 lbs (336 kg)		 Application #1
400 lbs (448 kg)
Application #2
150 lbs (168 kg)		 Application #2
150 lbs (168 kg)
Telone II (TM) Dual Application 3
Untarped		 Application #1
313 lbs (351 kg) a.i.5		 None
Application #2
142 lbs (159 kg) a.i. 5

Footnotes

[1] One pound per acre equals 1.12 kg per hectare; one gallon per acre equals 9.35 liters per hectare.
[2] Formulations (mixtures) of methyl bromide and chloropicrin may be used provided that the actual amount of methyl bromide is not less than the amounts shown in this schedule.
[3] Two treatments are required; see item 5.a. on page 2. Applications must be made in accordance with label and permit requirements.
[4] See item 5.b. on page 2.
[5] Actual ingredient (34.98 gallons of 94% or 33.7 gallons of 97.5% 1,3-dichloropropene).

Schedule C, Chart I. Treatments in Schedule C may be approved for use in growing shallow-rooted nursery plants such as strawberry, June-budded fruit trees, or vegetable plants, which ordinarily are in place for only one season's growth.

This dosage schedule is for nematode control only. It is not recommended for control of soil-borne pathogens such as Phytophthora spp. Treatment recommendations for the latter should be obtained from local Farm Advisor(s). Check with county pesticide use enforcement officials prior to treatment to ensure compliance with current state/county pesticide use restrictions.

Dosage Per Acre (Hectare) 1
Material Application Method Sandy Soils Clay Loam Soils
Methyl Bromide 2
(actual CH3BR)		 Tarped 4 300 lbs (336 kg) 400 lbs (448 kg)
Methyl Bromide
(actual CH3BR)		 Dual Application 3
Untarped		 Application #1
300 lbs (336 kg)		 Application #1
400 lbs (448 kg)
Application #2
150 lbs (168 kg)		 Application #2
150 lbs (168 kg)
Telone II (TM) Dual Application 3
Untarped		 Application #1
313 lbs (351 kg) a.i.5		 None
Application #2
142 lbs (159 kg) a.i. 5

Footnotes

[1] One pound per acre equals 1.12 kg per hectare; one gallon per acre equals 9.35 liters per hectare.
[2] Formulations (mixtures) of methyl bromide and chloropicrin may be used provided that the actual amount of methyl bromide is not less than the amounts shown in this schedule.
[3] Two treatments are required; see item 5.a. on page 2. Applications must be made in accordance with label and permit requirements.
[4] See item 5.b. on page 2.
[5] Actual ingredient (34.98 gallons of 94% or 33.7 gallons of 97.5% 1,3-dichloropropene).

Schedule C, Chart II. Protection for a 26-month crop. Telone II TM, single application, tarped.

This dosage schedule is for nematode control only. It is not recommended for control of soil-borne pathogens such as Phytophthora spp. Treatment recommendations for the latter should be obtained from local Farm Advisor(s). Check with county pesticide use enforcement officials prior to treatment to ensure compliance with current state/county pesticide use restrictions.

Dosage Per Acre (Hectare) 1
Material Application Method Sandy Soils Clay Loam Soils
Telone II (TM) Single Application
Tarped		 332 lbs (372 kg) a.i.2 None

Footnotes

[1] One pound per acre equals 1.12 kg per hectare; one gallong per acre equals 9.35 liters per hectare. Applications must be made in accordance with label and permit requirements.
[2] Actual ingredient (34.98 gallons 94% or 33.7 gallons of 97.5% 1,3-dichloropropene).

Schedule D. Schedule D treatments (Charts I - VII) may be used instead of Schedules A, B, or C at lower dosages where appropriate soil moistures, soil textures, and soil temperatures allow. If soil conditions are such that Schedule D cannot be used, the appropriate Schedule A, B or C must be used.

Procedure for Schedule D:

A = Tare Weight
B = Fresh Soil Weight (including Tare Weight)
C = Dried Soil Weight (including Tare Weight)
D = Difference Between Fresh and Dried Soil Weights
E = Dried Soil Weight Minus Tare Weight
F = % Soil Moisture

Procedure for Selection of Treatment Rates and Methods

  1. Use local experience or a soils map to locate the site where the highest soil moisture is expected. The wettest site is usually of finer texture or has a hard pan layer within the soil profile.
  2. Take soil samples at each 12-inch increment down to 5 feet. Sub-samples are not necessary. Determine, by the feel method, the soil texture at each depth and record on the data sheet. Place each soil sample (print each) into a moisture-tight container. Seal and label according to site and depth.
  3. Record the soil temperature at the 12 inche depth only. Allow 5 minutes for equailibration before recording on the data sheet.
  4. Now select an area of the field which you estimate is representative of the nursery site relative to field moisture. Repeat steps 2 and 3 above and record data.
  5. At the locationof the scales and microwave oven, mix each soil sample and place 100 to 150 grams of soil into each weighing dish. Weigh immediately, record weights and place into oven with lids off. About 10 soil samples can be dried simultaneously. An open vessel of water should not be placed in the oven when using a modern microwave oven. The oven should be run at high range (650 watts) for 15 minutes.
  6. Oven-dried samples will absorb moisture from the atmosphere if they are allowed to sit in the open. Therefore, weigh each dish quickly and record the dry weights of the samples.
  7. Calculate the difference in weight between the fresh and dried soil (B minus C = D).
  8. Subtract the tare weight from the dried soil weight (C minus A = E).
  9. Divide the difference in weight by the dried soil weight to compute the % of soil moisture (D/E) x 100 = F).
  10. You now have a record of soil texture, temperature, and moisture within the 5-foot soil profile. A fumigation is limited by the highest soil moisture. For example, if a soil profile has a silt layer at the 3 ft. depth, which exceeds the fumigation range on the fumigation charts, do not expect to kill nematodes below the 3 ft. depth. In every case except one, the treatment must be delivered to the 5 ft. depth. The one possible exception is a soil which has a hardpan layer which does not contain old roots. In such a case, control to the hardpan layer is all that is necessary. However, many hardpan layers have fracture points which may contain old roots.
  11. Additional soil samples may be helpful if there is disparity across the field due to high moisture areas or if the field is quite large (more than 20 acres). Additional sampling is at the discretion of the inspector.

Schedule D, Chart I. Protection for a 26-month crop. Methyl bromide with a high barrier tarp such as HBF-1. Check with county pesticide use enforcement officials prior to treatment to ensure compliance with current state/county pesticide use restrictions.

Temperature5 to 25° C10 to 20° C
Soil MoistureSandLoamy SandSandy LoamLoamClay LoamClay
2 to 6%200     
3 to 8% 200    
4 to 10%  200 Too 
10 to 12%  300 Wet 
6 to 14%   300  
14 to 18%   400  
8 to 12% Too  300 
12 to 18% Dry  350 
18 to 22%    400 
15 to 22%     400
22 to 35%      

Numbers indicate the pounds per acre of methyl bromide. Highest soil moisture percent in the top five feet of soil shall be considered.

Schedule D, Chart II. Protection for a 26-month crop. Telone II TM, soil flipped at 10 to 12 inch depth after 14 to 30 days and retreated with Telone II TM. Check with county pesticide use enforcement officials prior to treatment to ensure compliance with current state/county pesticide use restrictions.

Temperature5 to 25° C10 to 25° C15 to 20° C
Soil MoistureSandLoamy SandSandy LoamLoamClay LoamClay
2 to 6%285/190     
3 to 6% 285/190    
6 to 8%    Too 
4 to 7%  285/190 Wet 
7 to 10%      
10 to 12%      
6 to 14% Too    
14 to 18% Dry    
8 to 12%      
12 to 18%      
18 to 22%      
15 to 22%      

Numbers indicate pounds of actual ingredient of Telone II TM (94% or 97.5% 1,3-dichloropropene) to apply per acre at a minimum depth of 16 inches and a chisel spacing of 30 inches (76 cm) or less. Second application 14 to 30 days later at the lower dosage. Treatment followed by ring roller or compaction device. Highest soil moisture percent in the top five feet of soil shall be considered.

Schedule D, Chart III. Protection for a 26-month crop. Telone II TM, not flipped, followed within 7 to 21 days (on or after 7th day but not later than the 21st day) with 20 gallons metam-sodium or 20 gallons K-Pam rototilled into the top 4 inches or sprinkled in with 3 inches of water. Check with county pesticide use enforcement officials prior to treatment to ensure compliance with current state/county pesticide use restrictions.

Temperature5 to 25° C10 to 25° C15 to 20° C
Soil MoistureSandLoamy SandSandy LoamLoamClay LoamClay
2 to 6%332     
3 to 8% 332    
4 to 8%  332 Too 
8 to 12%  475 Wet 
6 to 14%   475  
14 to 18%   570  
8 to 12% Too  570 
12 to 18% Dry  665 
18 to 22%    760 
15 to 22%     760

Numbers indicate pounds of actual ingredient of Telone II TM (94% or 97.5% 1,3-dichloropropene) to apply per acre at a minimum depth of 16 inches and a chisel spacing of 30 inches (76 cm) or less. Treatment followed by ring roller or compaction device. Highest soil moisture percent in the top five feet of soil shall be considered.

Schedule D, Chart IV. Protection for a 14-month crop. Methyl bromide, not tarped, followed by Nemacur (Fenamiphos) or Vydate (Oxamyl) at 1 pound active ingredient monthly through emitter tubing with 12 inch or less emitter spacings (drip irrigation). Do not use Chart IV if pencil-sized or larger viable roots are present in the top 12 inches of soil. Check with county pesticide use enforcement officials prior to treatment to ensure compliance with current state/county pesticide use restrictions.

Temperature5 to 25° C10 to 20° C
Soil MoistureSandLoamy SandSandy LoamLoamClay LoamClay
2 to 6%200     
3 to 8% 200    
4 to 10%  200 Too 
10 to 12%  300 Wet 
6 to 14%   300  
8 to 17% Too  300 
17 to 22% Dry  400 
15 to 22%     400
22 to 35%      

Numbers indicate the pounds of methyl bromide applied per acre with shanks 18 or more inches deep. Highest soil moisture percent in the top five feet of soil shall be considered. It is not necessary to apply monthly applications of Nemacur and Vydate until the crop is planted and the soil temperature exceeds 14 C at a depth of 12 inches.

Schedule D, Chart V. Protection for a 14-month crop. Telone II TM, not flipped, followed by 1 pound active ingredient Nemacur (Fenamiphos) or Vydate (Oxamyl) monthly through emitter tubing with 12 inch or less emitter spacings (drip irrigation)> Do not use Chart V is pencil-sized or larger viable roots are present in the top 12 inches of soil. Check with county pesticide use enforcement officials prior to treatment to ensure compliance with current state/county pesticide use restrictions.

Temperature5 to 25° C10 to 25° C15 to 20° C
Soil MoistureSandLoamy SandSandy LoamLoamClay LoamClay
2 to 6%190     
3 to 8% 190    
4 to 9%  190 Too 
9 to 12%  285 Wet 
6 to 9%   190  
9 to 14%   285  
14 to 18%      
8 to 12% Too  285 
12 to 18% Dry    
18 to 22%      
15 to 35%      

Numbers indicate the pounds of actual ingredient of Telone II TM (94% or 97.5% 1,3-dichloropropene) to apply per acre at a minimum depth of 16 inches and a chisel spacing of 30 inches (76 cm) or less. Treatment followed by ring roller or compaction device. Highest soil moisture percent in the top five feet of soil shall be considered. It is not necessary to apply monthly applications of Nemacur or Vydate until the crop is planted and the soil temperature exceeds 14 C at a depth of 12 inches.

Schedule D, Chart VI. Protection for a 14-month crop. Methyl bromide with shanks no more than 2.7 feet apart, not tarped, and only if the surface 8 inches of soil is in the "too dry" category. Check with county pesticide use enforcement officials prior to treatment to ensure compliance with current state/county pesticide use restrictions.

Temperature5 to 25° C
Soil MoistureSandLoamy SandSandy Loam
2 to 6%300 Too
3 to 8%Too300Wet
4 to 10%Dry 300

Numbers indicate the pounds of methyl bromide applied per acre with shanks 18 or more inches deep. Highest soil moisture percent in the top five feet of soil shall be considered.

Schedule D, Chart VII. Protection for a 26-month crop. Telone II TM, applied simultaneously with 20 gallons of metam-sodium or 20 gallons K-Pam rototilled into the top 4 inches or sprinkled in with 3 inches of water.Check with county pesticide use enforcement officials prior to treatment to ensure compliance with current state/county pesticide use restrictions.

Temperature5 to 25° C10 to 25° C15 to 20° C
Soil MoistureSandLoamy SandSandy LoamLoamClay LoamClay
2 to 6%332     
3 to 8% 332    
4 to 8%  332 Too 
8 to 12%  475 Wet 
6 to 14%   475  
14 to 18%   570  
8 to 12% Too  570 
12 to 18% Dry  665 
18 to 22%    760 
15 to 22%     760

Numbers indicate the pounds of actual ingredient of Telone II TM (94% or 97.5% 1,3-dichloropropene) to apply per acre at a minimum depth of 16 inches and a chisel spacing of 30 inches (76 cm) or less. Treatment followed by ring roller or compaction device. Highest soil moisture percent in the top five feet of soil shall be considered.

Nursery Site Pretreatment Soil Conditions Documentation Form

 Site DepthTempTextureSoil Moisture Content
 Tare Wt.Fresh
Soil Wt.		Dried
Soil Wt.		DifferenceDried Wt.
Minus
Tare Wt.		% Soil
Moisture
ABCDEF
 °C 
W
e
t
t
e
s
t		1'        
2'        
3'        
4'        
5'        
 
 °C 
D
r
i
e
s
t		1'        
2'        
3'        
4'        
5'        

Soil Textural Class Characteristics

Notes:

  1. The Natural Resources Conservation Service (NRCS) of the USDA has characterized the soil textures of almost all nursery sites in California. Their soil texture analyses provide a definitive guide to prevailing soil textures. However, the NRCS surveys could not evaluate and characterize the small localized textural differences that may be present in every field. Therefore, soil textural descriptions are provided below to serve as an in-field aid for confirming NRCS determinations or for modifying them as appropriate.
  2. The following soil type characteristics may not all occur with any particular soil type because of differences in clay and organic matter content, exchangeable cation ratios, or amount of soluble salts present.

Sand or Loamy Sand

Sandy Loam

Individual grains can be seen and felt under nearly all conditions.

Loam

This is the most difficult texture to place since characteristics of sand, silt, and clay are all present but none predominates. Suggests other textures.

Silt or Silt Loam

Grittiness of sand is well masked by other separates. (Texture most likely Silt Loam, there are a few Silt soils.)

Sandy Clay Loam

Clay Loam

Silty Clay Loam

Resembles Silt Loam but with more stickiness of clay.

Sandy Clay

Silty Clay

Clay

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NIPM Item #7.1

Sampling Procedures and Techniques for Detection of Nematodes by Laboratory Examination

Revised 9/7/01

Sampling requirements and procedures for detection of nematode infestations in field, container, flat, frame grown or bare-root nursery stock are provided in Section 3055.5 of the California Code of regulations. Sampling procedures for the detection of nematodes using approved laboratory methods are as follows:

  1. Field grown nursery stock - generally
    Collection root samples on a 40 foot by 40 foot grid interval throughout the planting. Samples should include a small amount of hte soil adhering to or along the feeder roots collected at each point. Samples may be composited on an acre or nursery stock variety basis.
  2. Field grown nursery stock - special case
    At the discretion of the Department, root samples may be collected on an 80 foot by 80 foot grid interval and composited on a two acre basis when both of the following conditions have been met:
    1. The planting site has been treated at the product labeled rate for the kind of nursery stock being produced.
    2. No nematodes have been found by laboratory methods in the previous two successive nursery crops on the growing site.
  3. Container, flat, and frame grown nursery stock
    A composite sample is to be obtained by collecting roots from one plant in every 100 square feet of bench or frame space. Each sample should be kept to logical and practical sizes.
  4. Delimitation
    When an original sample is positive for nematodes, delimitation sampling may be performed on a 20 foot by 20 foot grid interval with samples composited on a 1/4 acre basis. All delimitation shall be done at the Department's discretion. Any nursery stock represented by a delimitation sample in which a nematode is detected is considered infested. Any nursery stock represented by a delimitation sample that is free of nematode shall be considered commercially clean. Container, flat, and frame grown lots should not be delimited. The latter should be unnecessary where initial sampling was of reasonable lot sizes.
  5. Bare root sampling procedures
    Each kind or variety should be sampled separately. The lot and sample sizes should be determined individually for each kind and variety. Root samples should be carefully protected from heat and desiccation. The sample should be taken from roots that are moist and in fresh condition. The inspector should look for visible symptoms of nematode infestation. Include any roots with galls in the composite sample taken from the lot. Mark the "GALLS" box on the Pest and Damage Record form if any are observed.

Sampling Table for Examination of Bare-Root Nursery Stock for Nematodes

Number of plants,
bundles or boxes in lot		Sample Size
2 - 82
9 - 153
16 - 255
26 - 407
41 - 6510
66 - 11015
111 - 18025
181 - 30035
301 - 50050
501 - 80075
801 - 1,300110
1,301 - 3,200150
3,201 - 8,000225
8,001 - 22,000300
22,001 - 110,000450
110,001 - 550,000750
550,001 - Over1,500

Table Use Directions:

Step 1. Find the total number of plants in the lot in the left column.The sample size in the right column is the number of plants to sample.

Step 2. Find the total number of bundles, boxes or containers in the lot, in the left column. The sample size in the right column is the number of units to take samples from.

Step 3. Divide the number from Step 1 by the number from Step 2. That is the number of plants to sample in each of the units from Step 2.

Nematode Sampling Grids

The number of sub-samples collected when doing nematode sampling may seem confusing. These grids show how the sampling numbers are calculated. Two acre samples consist of 14 sub-samples. One acre samples consist of 28 sub-samples. One quarter acre samples consist of 28 sub-samples.

Two Acre Nematode 80 ft. X 80 ft. sampling grid

One nematode sample is taken per two acres of nursery stock. That one sample is made up of 14 sub-samples that are taken on a 80 foot by 80 foot grid. There are 87,120 sq. ft. in two acres. The 14 sub-samples are computed by dividing 87120 by 80, and dividing the result by 80. A sample is taken every 26 steps at a space of 80 feet. A 80 foot by 80 foot grid actually yields 6,400 sq. ft. When multiplied by the 14 samples, it would yield 80,600, but that is close enough.

One Acre Nematode 40 ft. X 40 ft. sampling grid

One nematode sample is taken per acre of nursery stock. That one sample is made up of 28 sub-samples that are taken on a 40 foot by 40 foot grid. There are 43,560 sq. ft. per acre. The 28 sub-samples are computed by dividing 43,560 by 40, and dividing the result by 40. A sample is taken every 13 steps at a space of 40 feet. A 40 foot by 40 foot grid actually yields 1600 sq. ft. When multiplied by the 28 samples, it would yield 44,800, but that is close enough.

1/4 Acre Nematode 20 ft. X 20 fot. sampling grid

One nematode sample is taken per 1/4 acre to delimit an infestation. That sample is taken on a 20 ft. by 20 ft. grid. That works out to 28 sub-samples per 1/4 acre. There are 10,890 sq. ft. in a 1/4 acre. The 28 sub-samples are computed as follows: 10,890 is divided by 20 and the result is divided by 20. A sample is taken every 6 steps at a space of 20 feet. A 20 foot by 20 foot grid would yield 400 sq. ft. When mulitplied by the 28 samples, that would yield 11,200 sq. ft. per 1/4 acre or 44,800 sq. ft.

Paperwork, Tools, Steps, Tips and Notes for Nematod Sampling

Filling in PDRs

  1. Give complete information on county code, situation code, activity code.
  2. Write legibly
  3. Use ink
  4. Give complete and correction information
  5. Mark one of Plant pathology, entomology, nematology
  6. Use supplement form for up to seven samples

Tools

  1. Trowel, shovel or sampling tube
  2. Disinfectant solution
  3. Map, or paper to draw map
  4. Plastic bags, twist ties to seal samples, marker to mark bags
  5. Cooler, blue ice to keep samples cool

Collecting the Sample - Steps and Tips

  1. Make a map of the area to sample to indicate sites where samples are taken. Be organized and far-sighted. It may be necessary to resample to delimit the area if an infestation is found.
  2. Develop a number system for samples
  3. Collect up to one quart of roots and adhering soil from plants
  4. Sample plant varieties separately
  5. Most nematodes are in the top one foot of soil
  6. Do not moisten sample by enclosing a moist paper towel in sample bag
  7. Clean tools with five parts water, one part household bleach in a bucket.
  8. Put sample in durable plastic bag or double bag sample
  9. Sample should be neither wet or dry
  10. Handle samples with care. Nematodes may be killed if the sample is dropped from a height.
  11. Label sample bag with Sharpie pen that will not smear or rub off
  12. Place PDF outside of plastic bag in shipping box.
  13. Keep samples cool (50-55 F). during collection, put samples in a cooler. Use blue ice wrapped in paper to avoid freezer burn to sample. Do not forget samples in places that could get hot.

Sample Areas and Sizes

Container, Flat, and Frame Grown Nursery Stock - sample from every 100 square feet of bench space.

Field Grown Nursery Stock

  1. 40 by 40 foot one acre samples
  2. 80 by 80 foot two acre samples
  3. Delimited 20 by 20 foot 1/4 acre samples

Bare root samples - refer to sampling table

Instructions for Form 64-054 (Rev. 04/01)
Nursery Stock Nematode Certification Application

A completed application with the anticipated treatment date(s) must be submitted to CDFA, Pest Exclusion/Nursery, Seed, and Cotton Program, Room A-372, 1220 N Street, Sacramento, CA 95814, at least 15 days prior to any treatment or sampling being done. A separate application is required for each location/site.

Heading

Nursery Treatment

Land History

For County Approval Use Only

This section is to be filled in by the County Agricultural Biologist/Inspector. The inspector shall also make a map of the treated field on the back of this application form, showing the field, buffer zone and nearest cross-roads or the street address, etc.

If you have any questions or need more information, please contact one of the CDFA Agricultural Biologists at district office nearest your location or the County Agricultural Commissioner's office.

CDFA (Headquarters)
Rm. A-372, 1220 N Street
Sacramento, CA 95814
(916) 654-0435

Northern District
3294 Meadowview Road
Sacramento, CA 95832
(916) 262-1171

Northern District
20235 Charlanne Drive
Redding, CA 96002
(530) 224-2425

Central District
2889 North Larkin, Suite 101
Fresno, CA 93727
(559) 445-5033

Southern District
6143 Columbus Avenue
Riverside, CA 92504
(909) 782-4190

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